{"product_id":"the-autobiography-of-malcolm-x","title":"The Autobiography of Malcolm X","description":"\u003cp\u003eMalcolm X's \u003ci\u003eThe Autobiography of Malcolm X \u003c\/i\u003ewas written in collaboration with Alex Haley, author of \u003ci\u003eRoots\u003c\/i\u003e, and includes an introduction by Paul Gilroy, author of \u003ci\u003eThe Black Atlantic\u003c\/i\u003e, in Penguin Modern Classics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFrom hustling, drug addiction and armed violence in America's black ghettos Malcolm X turned, in a dramatic prison conversion, to the puritanical fervour of the Black Muslims. As their spokesman he became identified in the white press as a terrifying teacher of race hatred; but to his direct audience, the oppressed American blacks, he brought hope and self-respect. This autobiography (written with Alex Haley) reveals his quick-witted integrity, usually obscured by batteries of frenzied headlines, and the fierce idealism which led him to reject both liberal hypocrisies and black racialism.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVilified by his critics as an anti-white demagogue, Malcolm X gave a voice to unheard African-Americans, bringing them pride, hope and fearlessness, and remains an inspirational and controversial figure.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMalcolm X (1925-65), born Malcolm Little in Omaha, and also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, lost both his parents at a young age. Leaving school early, he soon became part of Harlem's underworld, and in 1946 he was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment. It was in prison that Malcolm X converted to Islam. Paroled in 1952, he became an outspoken defender of Muslim doctrines, formed the Organization of Afro-American Unity in 1963, and had received considerable publicity by the time of his assassination in 1965.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIf you enjoyed \u003ci\u003eThe Autobiography of Malcolm X\u003c\/i\u003e, you might like Nelson Mandela's \u003ci\u003eNo Easy Walk to Freedom\u003c\/i\u003e, also available in Penguin Modern Classics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e'This extraordinary autobiography is a brilliant, painful, important book'\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe New York Times\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePaperback \/ softback | 528 pages | Published March 2001\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"GARDNERS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":63977820848477,"sku":"9780141185439","price":16.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0978\/3459\/8749\/files\/view_archive_398048ed-37aa-484f-9db2-17c10287cf58.jpg?v=1774446527","url":"https:\/\/www.thebookmark.ie\/products\/the-autobiography-of-malcolm-x","provider":"The Bookmark ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}